UMETNOST I KOMUNIKACIJA KAO NOVO ISKUSTVO U MODERNOJ KULTURI
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U ovom radu raspravljamo o stranputicama u definisanju umetnosti u modernoj kulturi. Nedostatak kriterijuma i preispitani modernizam u tom su pogledu od ključnog značaja. Teorijski okvir našeg pristupa zasnovan je na radu mislilaca Frankfurtske škole (Maks Horkhajmer, Teodor Adorno, Valter Benjamin) i naravno Jirgena Habermasa. Ovaj teorijski aparat oslanja se i na savremena razmatranja sprovedena kod profesora Sorbone Marka Himeneza i kritičara umetnosti Džona A. Vokera.[1] Rad raspravlja o tome da li, u kojim oblicima – i s kojom svrhom – lepe umetnosti mogu da prežive u dobu mas-medija i u uslovima brze mrežne komunikacije. Rad polazi od kritičke uloge koju radikalna umetnost igra u današnjem podeljenom, ali još uvek globalizovanom svetu i u stalnim raspravama između visoke umetnosti i niske kulture, ali i reflektuje interakciju između umetnosti, medija i tehnologije.
Kao potporu našoj argumentaciji predlažemo umetnost tela (Body Art) i druge veb/digitalne i tehnološke primene u umetnosti, kao i sajber-umetnost koja se trenutno proizvodi za internet. Rad potvrđuje postojanje brojnih interakcija između umetnosti i kulture u postmodernom pluralističkom svetu i obraća se širokom spektru savremenih umetničkih dela kako bi ilustrovao i kritikovao teorijska stanovišta. Istinska proba teorije u estetici jeste njena primena na pojedinačne slučajeve. Kada teorija u takvoj primeni pokazuje ograničenja, stičemo indicije kakva se teorijska prilagođavanja ili inovacije traže kako bi se prilagodila današnjim delima.
Uvodni deo ogleda sveobuhvatno razmatra skorašnje rasprave o umetničkim delima, masovnoj kulturi i društvu, kao i o njihovom društveno-filozofskom značaju. Središnje raspravljanje upućuje na delo Valtera Benjamina i Jirgena Habermasa, koje je prikladnim komentarima propratio Mark Himenez;[2] nakon istraživanja složenih odnosa između kulture i umetnosti kakvim se oni odražavaju u tom delu, argumentacija pruža prikaz političkog preokreta u estetici iz 1980-ih i objašnjava značaj novih komunikacionih tehnologija u modernoj kulturi. Naracija je ojačana specifičnim primerima umetničkih dela u eri mas-medija, veb i digitalne kulture i naglašava kako stilski pluralizam, tako i raznovrsnost parametara koji utiču na interakciju između umetnosti komunikacije mas-medijima. Rad zaključuju kritički uvidi i predlozi za dalje istraživanje.
[1] Marc Jimenez, Qu’est-ce que l’esthétique, Paris: Gallimard, 1997; John A. Walker, Art in the Age of Mass Media, London: Pluto, 2001.
[2] Jimenez, Ibid.
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