THE REAL COMPOSITION OF ESSE AND ESSENTIA IN AQUINAS' DE ENTE ET ESSENTIA
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Published:
Jun 18, 2020
Keywords:
esse, esentia, materia signata, precisive abstraction, nonprecisive abstraction, essence absolutely considered, real distinction, intellectus essentiae argument
Main Article Content
Abstract
The article analyzes Aquinas’ argument for the real composition of the essence and esse in created beings as he presented it in De ente et essentia. Before the examination of the argument from the part four of De ente, the notions of signate and non signate matter, precisive and non precisive abstraction as well as the essence absolutely considered have been explained. From this it is pointed that for St. Thomas the distinction between essence and esse is the distinction between essence and any kind of esse. The main conclusion of the interpretation of the argument from the part four is that the argument demands all three steps, as well as the proof that exists God as esse tantum.
Article Details
How to Cite
MILIDRAG, P. (2020). THE REAL COMPOSITION OF ESSE AND ESSENTIA IN AQUINAS’ DE ENTE ET ESSENTIA. Arhe, 16(31), 35–64. https://doi.org/10.19090/arhe.2019.31.35-64
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TOPIC OF THE ISSUE
References
a) Tomina dela
Corpus thomisticum, dostupno na: http://www.corpusthomisticum.org (posećeno 21. decembra 2016).
——(1952a) On the Power of God, translated by the English Dominican Fathers, The Newman Press: Westminster, Maryland.
——(1952b) Truth (Disputed Questions on Truth), Translated from the definitive Leonine text by Robert W. Mulligan, S.J., Chicago: Henry Regnery Company.
——(1983) Quodlibetal Questions 1 and 2, tr. Sandra Edwards, Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies.
——(1990) Izbor iz djela, dva toma, Prevod Veljko Gortan, Josip Barbarić. Zagreb: Naprijed.
——(1993) Suma protiv pogana, svezak prvi, prevod o. Avgustin Pavlović. Zagreb: Kršćanska sadašnjost.
——(1994) Suma protiv pogana, svezak drugi, prevod o. Avgustin Pavlović. Zagreb: Kršćanska sadašnjost.
——(1995) Opuscula Philosophica, prvi tom, prev. o. Augustin Pavlović. Zagreb: Demetra.
——(1996) Opuscula philosophica, drugi tom, prev. o. Augustin Pavlović. Zagreb: Demetra.
——(1997) Thomas Aquinas's Earliest Treatment of the Divine Essence: Scriptum super libros Sententiarum, Book I, Distinction 8, translated into English with Facing Latin Text, Introdution, Glossary, and Select Bibliography by E. M. Macierowski, New York: State University of New York Press.
——(2001) Pariške rasprave Tome Akvinskoga. Raspravljena i kvodlibetalna pitanja, prevod Augustin Pavlović O.P. Zagreb: Demetra.
——(2005) Izabrano djelo, izabrao i preveo Tomo Vereš, drugo znatno prošireno i dotjerano izdanje priredio Anto Gavrić, Zagreb: Nakladni zavod Globus.
——(2009) Compendium of Theology, Translated by Richard J. Regan, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
b) ostalo
Black, Deborah L. (1999) „Mental Existence in Thomas Aquinas and Avicenna”, Mediaeval Studies 61: 45–79.
Bobik, Joseph (1965) Aquinas on Being and Essence: A Translation and Interpretation, Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.
Casey, Gerard (1987) „An Explication of the De Hebdomadibus of Boethius in the Light of St. Thomas’s Commentary”, The Thomist 51: 419–434.
Chenu, M.-D., O.P. (1964) Toward Understanding Saint Thomas, translated with Authorized Corrections and Bibliographical Additions by A.-M. Landry, O.P. and D. Hughes, O.P. Chicago: Henry Regnery Company.
Cunningham, Francis (1962) „Distinction According to St. Thomas“, The New Scholasticism 36: 279–312.
Gilson, Etienne (1952) Being and Some Philosophers, Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies.
——(2006) The Christian Philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas, translated by L.K. Shook. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press.
Houser, R.E. (2007) „The Real Distinction and the Principles of Metaphysics: Avicenna and Aquinas“, u R.E. Houser (ed.), Laudemus viros gloriosos. Essays in Honor of Armand Maurer, CSB, Notre Dame, Indiana, University of Notre Dame Press, str. 75–108.
John, Sister Helen James (1962) „Pedro Descoqs: A Devil’s Advocate On Essence And Existence“, The Modern Schoolman 40: 39–54.
Kerr, Gaven (2012) „Aquinas’s Argument for the Existence of God in De Ente et Essentia Cap. IV: An Interpretation and Defense“, Journal of Philosophical Research 37: 99–133.
——(2015) Aquinas’s Way to God: The Proof in De Ente et Essentia, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Knasas, John (2003) Being and Some Twentieth-Century Thomists, New York, Fordham University Press.
——(2014) „The Intellectual Phenomenology of De Ente Et Essentia, Chapter Four“, The Review of Metaphysics 68: 107–153.
Milidrag, Predrag (2014) „Dvostruki karakter stvorenog bića kod T. Akvinskog“, Theoria 57 (4): 5–24.
—(2015a) „Razlika esse–essentia u Sumi protiv pagana, II 52–54“, Filozofija i društvo 26 (2): 414–435.
—(2015b) „Akvinac o realnoj razlici i dvostrukom određenju esse“, Theoria 58 (2): 5–32.
—(2016a) „Toma Akvinski o predmetu metafizike“, Theoria 59 (1): 42–58.
—(2016b) „Argument Tome Akvinskog za realnu razliku između esse i essentia na osnovi sudjelovanja”, Filozofska istraživanja 36, no. 143 (3): 561–579.
—(2017a) „Problem dodavanja (additio) biću kod Tome Akvinskog”, Theoria 60 (1): 110–130.
—(2017b) „O nekim realnim kompozicijama u Akvinčevoj metafizici“, Arhe 27: 119–140.
—(2017v) „Biće (ens) kao maxime primum kod Tome Akvinskog“, Theoria 60 (2): 174–189.
—(2018) „Problem spoznaje bivstvovanja (esse) kod Tome Akvinskog“, Theoria 61, 2: 83–100.
Mitchell, Jason A., L.C. (2012) Being And Participation. The Method and Structure of Metaphysical Reflection according to Cornelio Fabro, Roma: Ateneo Pontificio Regina Apostolorum.
Owens, Joseph (1955) „The Intelligibility of Being“, Gregorianum 36: 169–193.
——(1957) „Common Nature: A Point of Comparison between Thomistic and Scotistic Metaphysics”, Mediaeval studies 19: 1–14.
——(1959) „Thomistic Common Nature and Platonic Idea”, Mediaeval Studies 21: 211–223
——(1961) „Unity and Essence in St. Thomas Aquinas.” Mediaeval studies 23: 240–259.
——(1963) An Elementary Christian Metaphysics, Torronto, Bruce Publishing.
——(1965) “Quiddity and Real Distinction in St. Thomas Aquinas”, Mediaeval Studies 27: 1–22.
——(1980) „Diversity and Community of Being in St. Thomas Aquinas“, u St. Thomas Aquinas on the Existence of God. Collected Papers of Joseph Owens, C. Ss. R., ed. John R. Catan, Albany: State University of New York Press, str. 97–131.
——(1981) „Stages and Distinction in De Ente: A Rejoinder”, The Thomist 45: 99–123
——(1986) „Aquinas’ Distinction at De ente et essentia 4.119–123”, Mediaeval studies 48: 264–287.
——(1988) „Thomas Aquinas: Dimensive Quantity as Individuating Principle”, Mediaeval Studies 50: 279–310
——(1992) Cognition: An epistemological Inquiry, Houston, Texas: University of St. Thomas.
——(1994) „Thomas Aquinas (b. ca. 1225; d. 1274)”, u Jorge Gracia, (ed.) Individuation in Scholasticism, The Later Middle Ages And the Counter–Reformation, 1150–1650, Albany: State University of New York Press, 173–194.
Patt, Walter (1988) „Aquinas’s Real Distinction and Some Interpretations”, The New Scholasticism 62: 1–29.
Porro, Pasquale (2016) Thomas Aquinas. A Historical and Philosophical Profile, translated by Joseph G. Trabbic and Roger W. Nutt, Washington D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press.
Salas, Victor (2008) „The Judgmental Character of Thomas Aquinas’s Analogy of Being“, The Modern Schoolman 85: 117–142.
Sweeney, Leo S.J. (1963) „Existence/Essence in Thomas Aquinas’s Early Writings“, Proceedings of American Catholic Philosophical Association 37: 97–131.
——(1965), A Metaphysics of Authentic Existentialism, Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Taylor, Richard C. (1979) „St. Thomas and the Liber de causis on the Hylomorphic Composition of Separate Substances”, Mediaeval Studies 41: 506–513.
Torrell, Jean-Pierre (1996) Saint Thomas Aquinas. Vol. 1, the Person and His Work, translated by Robert Royal, Catholic University of America Press, Washington DC.
Velde, Rudi A. Te (1995) Participation and Substantiality in Thomas Aquinas, Leiden, E.J. Brill.
Vereš, Tomo (1998) „Toma Akvinski: De ente et essentia“, Obnovljeni život 53: 131–140.
Wilhelmsen, Frederick D. (1983) „A Note: The Absolute Consideration of Nature in Quaestiones Quodlibetales, VIII.“, The New Scholasticism 57: 352–361.
Wippel, John F. (1979) „Aquinas’s Route To the Real Distinction: A Note on De ente et essentia”, The Thomist 43: 279–295.
——(1982) „Essence and Existence“, u Norman Kretzman, Anthony Kenny, Ian Pinborg (eds.) The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, str. 385–410.
——(1984a) „A Reply to Fr. Owens“, u Metaphysical Themes in Thomas Aquinas, Washington D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, str. 107–120.
——(2000) The Metaphysical Thought of Thomas Aquinas, Washington, D.C., The Catholic University of America Press.
Corpus thomisticum, dostupno na: http://www.corpusthomisticum.org (posećeno 21. decembra 2016).
——(1952a) On the Power of God, translated by the English Dominican Fathers, The Newman Press: Westminster, Maryland.
——(1952b) Truth (Disputed Questions on Truth), Translated from the definitive Leonine text by Robert W. Mulligan, S.J., Chicago: Henry Regnery Company.
——(1983) Quodlibetal Questions 1 and 2, tr. Sandra Edwards, Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies.
——(1990) Izbor iz djela, dva toma, Prevod Veljko Gortan, Josip Barbarić. Zagreb: Naprijed.
——(1993) Suma protiv pogana, svezak prvi, prevod o. Avgustin Pavlović. Zagreb: Kršćanska sadašnjost.
——(1994) Suma protiv pogana, svezak drugi, prevod o. Avgustin Pavlović. Zagreb: Kršćanska sadašnjost.
——(1995) Opuscula Philosophica, prvi tom, prev. o. Augustin Pavlović. Zagreb: Demetra.
——(1996) Opuscula philosophica, drugi tom, prev. o. Augustin Pavlović. Zagreb: Demetra.
——(1997) Thomas Aquinas's Earliest Treatment of the Divine Essence: Scriptum super libros Sententiarum, Book I, Distinction 8, translated into English with Facing Latin Text, Introdution, Glossary, and Select Bibliography by E. M. Macierowski, New York: State University of New York Press.
——(2001) Pariške rasprave Tome Akvinskoga. Raspravljena i kvodlibetalna pitanja, prevod Augustin Pavlović O.P. Zagreb: Demetra.
——(2005) Izabrano djelo, izabrao i preveo Tomo Vereš, drugo znatno prošireno i dotjerano izdanje priredio Anto Gavrić, Zagreb: Nakladni zavod Globus.
——(2009) Compendium of Theology, Translated by Richard J. Regan, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
b) ostalo
Black, Deborah L. (1999) „Mental Existence in Thomas Aquinas and Avicenna”, Mediaeval Studies 61: 45–79.
Bobik, Joseph (1965) Aquinas on Being and Essence: A Translation and Interpretation, Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.
Casey, Gerard (1987) „An Explication of the De Hebdomadibus of Boethius in the Light of St. Thomas’s Commentary”, The Thomist 51: 419–434.
Chenu, M.-D., O.P. (1964) Toward Understanding Saint Thomas, translated with Authorized Corrections and Bibliographical Additions by A.-M. Landry, O.P. and D. Hughes, O.P. Chicago: Henry Regnery Company.
Cunningham, Francis (1962) „Distinction According to St. Thomas“, The New Scholasticism 36: 279–312.
Gilson, Etienne (1952) Being and Some Philosophers, Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies.
——(2006) The Christian Philosophy of St. Thomas Aquinas, translated by L.K. Shook. Notre Dame, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press.
Houser, R.E. (2007) „The Real Distinction and the Principles of Metaphysics: Avicenna and Aquinas“, u R.E. Houser (ed.), Laudemus viros gloriosos. Essays in Honor of Armand Maurer, CSB, Notre Dame, Indiana, University of Notre Dame Press, str. 75–108.
John, Sister Helen James (1962) „Pedro Descoqs: A Devil’s Advocate On Essence And Existence“, The Modern Schoolman 40: 39–54.
Kerr, Gaven (2012) „Aquinas’s Argument for the Existence of God in De Ente et Essentia Cap. IV: An Interpretation and Defense“, Journal of Philosophical Research 37: 99–133.
——(2015) Aquinas’s Way to God: The Proof in De Ente et Essentia, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Knasas, John (2003) Being and Some Twentieth-Century Thomists, New York, Fordham University Press.
——(2014) „The Intellectual Phenomenology of De Ente Et Essentia, Chapter Four“, The Review of Metaphysics 68: 107–153.
Milidrag, Predrag (2014) „Dvostruki karakter stvorenog bića kod T. Akvinskog“, Theoria 57 (4): 5–24.
—(2015a) „Razlika esse–essentia u Sumi protiv pagana, II 52–54“, Filozofija i društvo 26 (2): 414–435.
—(2015b) „Akvinac o realnoj razlici i dvostrukom određenju esse“, Theoria 58 (2): 5–32.
—(2016a) „Toma Akvinski o predmetu metafizike“, Theoria 59 (1): 42–58.
—(2016b) „Argument Tome Akvinskog za realnu razliku između esse i essentia na osnovi sudjelovanja”, Filozofska istraživanja 36, no. 143 (3): 561–579.
—(2017a) „Problem dodavanja (additio) biću kod Tome Akvinskog”, Theoria 60 (1): 110–130.
—(2017b) „O nekim realnim kompozicijama u Akvinčevoj metafizici“, Arhe 27: 119–140.
—(2017v) „Biće (ens) kao maxime primum kod Tome Akvinskog“, Theoria 60 (2): 174–189.
—(2018) „Problem spoznaje bivstvovanja (esse) kod Tome Akvinskog“, Theoria 61, 2: 83–100.
Mitchell, Jason A., L.C. (2012) Being And Participation. The Method and Structure of Metaphysical Reflection according to Cornelio Fabro, Roma: Ateneo Pontificio Regina Apostolorum.
Owens, Joseph (1955) „The Intelligibility of Being“, Gregorianum 36: 169–193.
——(1957) „Common Nature: A Point of Comparison between Thomistic and Scotistic Metaphysics”, Mediaeval studies 19: 1–14.
——(1959) „Thomistic Common Nature and Platonic Idea”, Mediaeval Studies 21: 211–223
——(1961) „Unity and Essence in St. Thomas Aquinas.” Mediaeval studies 23: 240–259.
——(1963) An Elementary Christian Metaphysics, Torronto, Bruce Publishing.
——(1965) “Quiddity and Real Distinction in St. Thomas Aquinas”, Mediaeval Studies 27: 1–22.
——(1980) „Diversity and Community of Being in St. Thomas Aquinas“, u St. Thomas Aquinas on the Existence of God. Collected Papers of Joseph Owens, C. Ss. R., ed. John R. Catan, Albany: State University of New York Press, str. 97–131.
——(1981) „Stages and Distinction in De Ente: A Rejoinder”, The Thomist 45: 99–123
——(1986) „Aquinas’ Distinction at De ente et essentia 4.119–123”, Mediaeval studies 48: 264–287.
——(1988) „Thomas Aquinas: Dimensive Quantity as Individuating Principle”, Mediaeval Studies 50: 279–310
——(1992) Cognition: An epistemological Inquiry, Houston, Texas: University of St. Thomas.
——(1994) „Thomas Aquinas (b. ca. 1225; d. 1274)”, u Jorge Gracia, (ed.) Individuation in Scholasticism, The Later Middle Ages And the Counter–Reformation, 1150–1650, Albany: State University of New York Press, 173–194.
Patt, Walter (1988) „Aquinas’s Real Distinction and Some Interpretations”, The New Scholasticism 62: 1–29.
Porro, Pasquale (2016) Thomas Aquinas. A Historical and Philosophical Profile, translated by Joseph G. Trabbic and Roger W. Nutt, Washington D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press.
Salas, Victor (2008) „The Judgmental Character of Thomas Aquinas’s Analogy of Being“, The Modern Schoolman 85: 117–142.
Sweeney, Leo S.J. (1963) „Existence/Essence in Thomas Aquinas’s Early Writings“, Proceedings of American Catholic Philosophical Association 37: 97–131.
——(1965), A Metaphysics of Authentic Existentialism, Engelwood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Taylor, Richard C. (1979) „St. Thomas and the Liber de causis on the Hylomorphic Composition of Separate Substances”, Mediaeval Studies 41: 506–513.
Torrell, Jean-Pierre (1996) Saint Thomas Aquinas. Vol. 1, the Person and His Work, translated by Robert Royal, Catholic University of America Press, Washington DC.
Velde, Rudi A. Te (1995) Participation and Substantiality in Thomas Aquinas, Leiden, E.J. Brill.
Vereš, Tomo (1998) „Toma Akvinski: De ente et essentia“, Obnovljeni život 53: 131–140.
Wilhelmsen, Frederick D. (1983) „A Note: The Absolute Consideration of Nature in Quaestiones Quodlibetales, VIII.“, The New Scholasticism 57: 352–361.
Wippel, John F. (1979) „Aquinas’s Route To the Real Distinction: A Note on De ente et essentia”, The Thomist 43: 279–295.
——(1982) „Essence and Existence“, u Norman Kretzman, Anthony Kenny, Ian Pinborg (eds.) The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, str. 385–410.
——(1984a) „A Reply to Fr. Owens“, u Metaphysical Themes in Thomas Aquinas, Washington D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press, str. 107–120.
——(2000) The Metaphysical Thought of Thomas Aquinas, Washington, D.C., The Catholic University of America Press.