PYR – A PERSISTENT SUBSTRATE OF EVERYTHING
Main Article Content
Abstract
In this paper, the author analyses Stagirite's view of Ephesian's philosophy, which is largely viewed through the prism of his quadruple causal scheme. Aristotle strongly argued and consistently defended his thesis that Heraclitus was a typical representative of the Ionian philosophy of nature. He did not advocate this position based on the place of birth or origin of "the Dark" thinker, but he founded it primarily with the Ephesian's postulation of the primary essence in mind. The founder of the Lyceum, after thoroughly studying Heraclitus' fragments, concluded that pyr is a persistent substrate of everything and that it should be treated as arche and physis in the classical Ionian sense. Ephesian, finally, determined a single principle, fire, which is "of the nature of matter" and which, in Aristotle's typology of causes, was categorized as a material cause.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Aristotel, Fizika, PAIDEIA, Beograd 2006.
Aristotel, Metafizika, PAIDEIA, Beograd 2007.
Aristotel, Nikomahova etika, Hrvatska sveučilišna naklada, Zagreb 1992.
Aristotel, O duši, u: O duši. Parva naturalia, PAIDEIA, Beograd 2012.
Aristotel, O nebu, u: O nebu. O postajanju i propadanju, PAIDEIA, Beograd 2009.
Aristotel, Retorika, Naprijed, Zagreb 1989.
Aristotel, Topika. Sofistička opovrgavanja, PAIDEIA, Beograd 2008.
Aristotle, Eudemian Ethics, u: J. Barnes (ed.), The Complete Works of Aristotle II, Princeton University Press, Princeton 1991.
Aristotle, Meteorology, u: J. Barnes (ed.), The Complete Works of Aristotle I, Princeton University Press, Princeton 1991.
Aristotelis Opera, ex. rec. Immanuelis Bekkeri, ed. Acad. Regia Borrusica, I-V, Berlin 1831-1870. Novo izdanje je pripremio O. Gigon, Berlin 1970-1987. Svi Aristotelovi navodi sravnjivani su prema ovom izdanju.
Barnes, J., The Presocratic Philosophers I, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, Henley and Boston 1979.
Bošnjak, B., Logos i dijalektika, Naprijed, Zagreb 1961.
Bröcker, W., "Heraklit zitiert Anaximander", u: Hermes, 84 Bd., H. 3, 1956. Repr. u: H. G. Gadamer (hrsg.), Um die Begriffswelt der Vorsokratiker, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1968.
Burnet, J., Early Greek Philosophy, The World Publishing Company, Cleveland and New York 1962.
Diels, H., Kranz, W., Die Fragmente der Vorsokratiker I-III, Weidmann, Zürich . Hildesheim 1985-1987.
Diels, H., Predsokratovci fragmenti I-II, Naprijed, Zagreb 1983.
Ἐμπειρικός, Σ. ΠΡΟΣ ΜΑΘΗΜΑΤΙΚΟΥΣ.
Internet adresa: https://archive.org/details/sextusempiricus01bekkgoog/page/638/mode/2up.
Finkelberg, A., "On Cosmogony and Ecpyrosis in Heraclitus", u: The American Journal of Philology, Vol. 119, No. 2, (Summer, 1998).
Fränkel, H., "A Thought Pattern in Heraclitus", u: The American Journal of Philology, Vol. 59, No. 3. (1938).
Furley, D., The Greek cosmologists I, Cambridge University Press, New York 2006.
Grevs, R., Grčki mitovi, ADMIRAL BOOKS, Beograd 2012.
Guthrie, W. K. C., A History of Greek Philosophy I, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1962.
Hegel, G. V. F., Istorija filozofije I , BIGZ, Beograd 1975. Original Vorlesungen über die Geschichte der Philosophie preuzet je sa Internet adrese:
Hejstad, U. M., Kulturna istorija duše, Karpos, Loznica 2018.
Heraklit, Fragmenti, Moderna, Beograd 1990.
Homer, Ilijada, Prosveta, Beograd 1968.
Jaeger, W., The Theology of the Early Greek Philosophers, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1967.
Kaluđerović, Ž., Dike i dikaiosyne, Magnasken, Skopje 2015.
Kaluđerović, Ž., „Ontologizacija brojevaˮ, u: ARHE, god. XIX, br. 37, Novi Sad 2022.
Kaluđerović, Ž., „Začetak „grčkog čudaˮ, u: ARHE, god. XVII, br. 34, Novi Sad 2020.
Kirk, G. S., Heraclitus: The Cosmic Fragments, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2010.
Kirk, G. S., Raven, J. E., The Presocratic Philosophers, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1957.
Laertije, D., Životi i mišljenja istaknutih filozofa, BIGZ, Beograd 1973. Original Βίοι καὶ γνῶμαι τῶν ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ εὐδοκιμησάντων preuzet je sa Internet adrese: http://www.mikrosapoplous.gr/dl/dl.html.
Lassalle, F., Die Philosophie Herakleitos des Dunklen von Ephesos, F. Duncker, Berlin 1858.
Liddel, H. G., Scott, R., Jones, H. S., A Greek-English Lexicon, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1996.
Marković, M., Filozofija Heraklita mračnog, Nolit, Beograd 1983.
Mikecin, I., Heraklit, Matica hrvatska, Zagreb 2013.
Minar, Jr. E. L., "The Logos of Heraclitus", u: Classical Philology, Vol. 34, No. 4. (Oct., 1939).
Митевски, В., Душата и духовниот живот во антиката и раното средновековие, Матица македонска, Скопје 2012.
Niče, F., Filozofija u tragičkom razdoblju Grka, u: Spisi o grčkoj književnosti i filozofiji, Izdavačka knjižarnica Zorana Stojanovića, Sremski Karlovci-Novi Sad 1998. Original Die Philosophie im tragischen Zeitalter der Griechen preuzet je sa Internet adrese: http://www.nietzschesource.org/#eKGWB/PHG.
Pavlović, B., Presokratska misao, ΠΛΑΤΩ, Beograd 1997.
Platon, Kratil, u: Kratil. Teetet. Sofist. Državnik, ΠΛΑΤΩ, Beograd 2000.
Platon, Sofist, u: Kratil. Teetet. Sofist. Državnik, ΠΛΑΤΩ, Beograd 2000. Original ΣΟΦΙΣΤΗΣ ἢ περὶ τοῦ ὄντος, λογικός preuzet je iz: Platon, Der Sophist Buch I-VI, U Theaitetos ⸳ Der Sophist ⸳ Der Staatsmann Buch I-VI, Werke: in 8 Bd.; griech. u. dt., sechster band, Hrsg. von G. Eigler, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1977.
Ross, W. D., Aristotle's Metaphysics I, Oxford University Press, Oxford 1997.
Senc, S., Grčko-hrvatski rječnik, kr. hrv.-slav.-dalm-zem.vla., Zagreb 1910, repr. 1988.
Snel, B., Otkrivanje duha u grčkoj filozofiji i književnosti, Karpos, Loznica 2014.
Vlastos, G., "On Heraclitus", u: D. J. Furley, R. E. Allen, Studies in Presocratic Philosophy I, Humanities Press, New York 1970.
Žunjić, S., Nasleđe antičke filozofije, Dosije studio, Beograd 2020.